White Mango Scale (WMS) is a sedentary, sap-sucking armored scale insect that has spread rapidly across Ethiopia since 2010. This professional guide provides a science-based framework for managing this pest through every stage of its life cycle.

What’s Inside:

• Biological Analysis: Detailed breakdown of the sexual dimorphism between circular females and elongated males, and the critical 24-hour “Crawler” dispersal phase.

• Damage Assessment: Identification of chlorotic leaf spots and the pink/reddish fruit blemishes that lead to total market rejection.

• Multi-Tactic IPM Strategy: * Cultural: Strategic pruning to increase light and airflow.

  • Biological: Introduction of natural enemies like Cybocephalus binotatus.

  • Chemical: Precision application of oils and growth regulators during crawler peaks.

• Year-Round Checklist: A season-by-season framework covering Post-Harvest, Pre-Flowering, and Fruit Set phases.

• Case Studies: Success models from South Africa and Australia adapted for the Assosa and Western Ethiopia regions.